Heat generator



,y 'Jam- 19311, 1

H. c. CALDWELL n f i 1,789,543, v HEATGENERATonv y Filed Sept :16.1926 s sneetssneet 1 y WMM/7 stant cleaning' or` renewal.`

Patented Jan. 20, 11931v i' i f' di' i ff;

kmiauw e. CALDWELL, for' i'UFAIIo; NEW Yi'ix,

MENTAL ooRP oRAT1oN,-or BUFFALO, NEW-YORK,

i Appn'eation'fiia september' leises. serial No.- 13'5,s'3'1. f

l My inventionYrelatesinfgeneral to heat gen-f erators, used in connection with gas', in which the mixture of thegas andthe air, aswell as the ycombustion thereof, occurs gas burners in whicli the gas'and the airv arer first mixed beforeibeing, passed into ak charnber or spreader, whence the mixture flows and after which it isignited.v

As a result of have discovered that gas burned by 'being' -projected Ainto the atmosf pliere through a plurality of ininuteorifices, Such efficiency. however, ,can be best attained when the lcontrol vofthe sizeof -eachforifice lis at i or near th e month'V tliereof, whereby J the'y vvelocity of theI being supplied' thereto isnot reduced'before it reaches the mouthof the orifice,` as is thejcase in burnerv wherea regulating v aljreor shutoff cock is arranged some distancebehindsthe oritice. ,I'Ioirever1 the ygre a t. drawback to` the practical einbodimentlof uch a device i-sthat when the ori Hees-are made line enoughto accomplish .'ci'ieienturcsults, theybecoine easily clogged, or burned out, thus requiring con- 1 t has been an object of vmy,invention to provide adevice having a plurality of minute gas openings, which .may lv cleaned. should theyont.l and will noth'e readily damaged.,

Another ob1ect has in which combustion shall occur Withinthe v derice.'and in Whichfback-firingshallbe obthe burner.

Furthermore. my device isnt-such afnature that the air ysiniplied to the inixtjurefshallibe controlled -sothat there "will lleno surplus air which would chill` therefractory-- element of 'Moreovcr, aA device in Whiclifthe' h eat generatedshall intensify the combustion of .the elements and thereby produce an increased'Velocity Within the heating element of the gases will be more 4eiicentlyl burned. The

velocity Within'the heating; element is" Withintlie device. This is to be contrastedwitli ordinary".

umerons-- experiments, .is ymost efficiently faffportion of. lthe ordinary. ,-.gasi

be; easily yand quickf become; clogged. Moreox'er, these openings will -fnot easilyburnv of .expansion f aud contraction.

it has been im' Obie-etto- Priowde.- 1Qis provided'Withacentral hubfl which is" i the 'ze'enerato'ig ysc .that

ther through the xf ,ifeneratei".y

Another object. has. rice Aby ywhich the pressure lofthe supply pipe may be indicated:v l

',"lfhe above objectsfandg adyantageshave beenV accoi'nplislied bythe 'device shown'l inthe accompanyingdrawings,of Which g', .l Figi Lis va 'fragmentary part of'my generator, partly in. section, showingfthe mixing unit thereof in .its closed position.l FiggZ isa similar 4yiew showing the mixingy unit in apart-ly open-position. f

tional.yie\r,shoWing. the details of the mixenlarged, fragmentary, vierir of they periphery of thepiston of thefmixing unit. I

Eig. 5: is; a fr gmentary, sectional vView yof amodiedform of 1ny'device,. f i i l, -Figlt isa fragmentary, exterior device, showing certain medifications.l

Fitz. T isfa rreducedexterior View. showing g v f 75v 1"ig. Sisareduced viewfofiny invention ',asapplied toa oneforniof applieationof my invention;

steainboiler,,alsofshowing an' antomaticlieat control.A

A ASS-iGN-O tml?? CALDWELL" EXPERL:

A,CQRPOniiTIoNOFDELAWARE, y

Eincreased'i l prowiding strongy id iaft'-l gas in the .55,

viewof-myf Myideyi'ce comprises in general a mixing vunit lOfand a*refractoryzelement11,. 4The refractoryeleineiit shown iniFigs. y11:0 4, inelusive',l and Figs.

"cylinder 12 Within`V which ra piston "13 15 slidably; inou'nted. Thev piston is closely ed upon `the gas supply th-e pipe and the piston` 13. T hegcylinderpipe 111, itwill be cleaigsisA 'i 'S'fflOlml'llyfcarriedy by the gas main` (not 1,

Thecylinderll ismov-able over t and piston 13 .arepreferably made .of different metals ,so asto overcome the` effect- The cylinder closely fitted about'the'lpil'ie 14,1and is projrhereby leakage of y gas-is preventedjthrough` l vtheJointbetiseenthegpipeandcylinder. They .pipe 14 isproyided with ,-anumber of, radial gas from vthe interior l i" Opel-lines, 17T whereby fitted Within the ,cylinder 12, and it is mounti 35 K- f ton 13 is plurality of V'shaped grooves 20, taperingV cylinder, Y erator 1s increased or decreased by the movey. its closed position,

undery very light loads, the auxiliary open-` 551 ings 31,'will` be closed byftheir overlapped thereof will be allowed to pass into the cylinder and behind the piston when the same is moved toward its' open position. The isprovided on its periphery wit a rom the face of the piston which is? toward the outside ofthe cylinder, backwardly toward the inner edge'of the piston. hese grooves are flared-and inclined inwardly toward the back face ofthe piston, whereby the openings provided by; the grooves between the periphery of the piston and the` cylinder will be increased in size as the exposure of the surface'of the piston is in`r creased by ythe backward movement ofthe so that the gas supplied to the genment of the cylinder. y

The refractory element 1.1 of my device is preferably in'the form of a tube 25, arranged infront of the mixing unit 10 and of sufficient length to insure combustion loccurring within the element, at lany gas pressure supplied bythe mains. This tube i`s,`of course, made` of suitable refractory material, so thaty the combustion taking lace within it will cause its wallsto become ighly heated, ytherebygreatly adding to` the efficiency of thedevice.v

`Carried by the'cylinder 12 of the mixing unit is an air supply ring 26 formedvr with a face '27 and with an outer fiange portion 28. An inner fiange'portion 29 is also provided, which securely fits over the cylinder12 and extends inwardly a considerable distance beyond the inner face of the cylinder, thus forming a shield, whereby the gaswill be permitted to travel a slight distance in front of the'cylinder before being mixed with the air.' In the face l27 of the ring,-` and preferably adjacent the inner fiange v29 is arranged a plurality of fixed air openings 30'. These air openings are of such a size and number, that they supply' substantially the correct amount of airfor thev mixing unit under light loads. The outer flange 28 of the air supply ringextends over the outer end of the refractory tube 25, and aplurality of auxiliary air openings 31 is provided in thisvouter fiange. These'openings are so positioned that when the mixingpunit is in or whenit is operating ositions with the refractory tube. `.Whem owever, the load of the generator is increased andmore -air fis nee'ded,'the backwardmovement of the outer liange 28 willserve to more or less kexpose the auxiliary openings 31, dependin upon the position of the cylinder 12, as s ownin Fig. 2, and thusy supply the necessary additional lair to the mixture." An adjustable rin =32 is ro tatablyl disposed upon the outsidejof the outer flange 28 of the air vsupply ring, and is wardly a distancel suficient to bring it 'into contact lwith the' face 27 of thel air supply when the mixing unit is in its closed position, as shown in Fig. 1. This shield will servey to defiect the air comingr in through the` auxiliary openings 31 and to direct' itso that it will fiow into the'refractory tubein Subsliantia-lly the same direction'as the air comingthrough the fixed openin S30. i

' n the drawings., I show two different means of causin thefaxial movement of thecylinder 12. In 1, 2, and 6to 8, inclusive, I show means for producing a sliding movement. Thesemeans comprise an operatingarm 36 which is pivotallymounted at its lower end to a bearing block 37. This blockiscarried b the supply pipe 14 andis securely fixed in tfie'proper position 'upon the pipe Aby means of a set screw 38. y The operating arm-,is connected at a point near its lower end to the cylinder 12 by means of a link 39. It is preferable to lconstruct the o erating arm 36 so that it is bifurcated at its lower end, thus f straddling the bearing block 3,7. In such a construction, a link 39 1s arranged at each `side of the device. It is obvious that when the upper end of the operating arm 36- is moved backwardly or forwardly, the cylinder with the air supply ring will be likewise moved.

nThe other method of operating the cylinder l is shown inthe form of invention of Figp'. In this form I provide the supply pipe'41 with screwthvreads `421near`its inner end. The hub 43 of the cylinder44 is provided with interior screwthreads, which engage with the screwthreads 42 of the pipe. A handle 45 is provided yonthe hubt43, whereby the cylinder 44 may be rotated. It will be obvious thatfby therotationof the cylinder, it may be moved backwardly and forwardly over the periphery of the'piston. A suitable packing gland 46 serves to ack the joint between the pipeand the cylin er hub.'k l

A pilot light 40 is preferably provided. This pilot light' is connected to the supply pipe 14, andextends some distance in front of the piston 13. i c In the form of invention of Fig. 5, I show a nose 47, preferably of refractory material and cone-frustum Ain shape. This nose serves to defiect some of the vheatl away from the parts of the mixing unit and also serves to reduce the noise of the burning gas wit-hin the generator.

llO

\ The nose is preferably screwthreaded to the pilot light 40 and is carried thereby.

. lpiston I 1,0 i y j and fthe f movement of the, cylinder will heA de-i pendent uponfthefpressureexisting y Within Jche j a, considerable distance-a o r ne1'1 1ber 6O. ,l The stack `6 2 .i` s sl1o,wn relatively v short, butfthisisinade.oi-fsuitablejlengtlijin order to meet existing-requ-irementszdiscovered that the longer r a helioal, spring 5 01is'- mounted upon vi supply-, piper'` fexertedagainstthe inner surface of thepisto'n n This --preseure willf be vtake 1b ythe bea-ring blqekf?, andthegale Inoy- 36: The-upper endotthisrod. .attachedfto a fis V'ormed at its outer ,spherical member 60 lined with refractory material, whichis'preferalolybroughtto-- gm ytoa stearn .with any suit able reractorymaterial--, therehy ranged Within theboiler and located @medietance in front. of the inner end oftherefraethe-'gas tofautoinati temperatur 114i and l.arranged betweenthe 8?; Lhveshow-n 'in la. bearing/#block 371k fand the packing `giglan l 116. 11er 'myideviceieo-nne1eted The normal tendency ofthis Spring ist() eepl v ,the-'cylinder Y,12 in', its' Closed positionfov the exlsts {v vithin-v the, supply [pipe 13 and serve tofore .thecylinder:bakwmdly;

Tiby fthe; Sprn pipe 14, f -Such .pressure -rnaylbe indic-atedon `a graduated scale 51;. AjpointerZis carried j the ;predetermined.ipmntf t1 Y torf 74v isactuated, which v1 ,y S01 as to shutx oli :theggag Suppllyby nmovtion. Qbviously, wvhenlthe a le underthis polnter.` f In Fig. 6,11 Valso Show la flOQkngflQYCef This,` device comprises a j vertially ymovable his carredbylthe operating-arm is pvotally handle? 5 4; which is preferably Ltemp'eratur'e has moved back agmns'tthe'tensin of a eppurg5 5.y E The lower endfoitherodf-is preferablyolated', .thus permitting-the Weight 21051310;

setl and is enggea'ble with `any one o fanumhe*perating v arrnl, 36,',

" ace supplypipe1 4.,` j ydevice` it is necessary.togsuppl 4 v In Fig-7, I show one yorin ofV application -.liglit-'z with @separatesouree-o of vmy generator. The refractory eleinen t 1 1 end Prejrably with. e?

preferably lined with reiraetory materialfor @laim5, andI; do not, therefore, Wieh-jto.

, I have shoxyn; and describedbeing. merely v{dreier-'re l,the formsiliereof. greater the velocit-yof burning,.and,fthere j' -Having thus fore,thehigherlthe eieieneyofthe generator.-Iclaim;is: In Fig. 8,11 slio\ v.1ny generatoras 1 1.A.l 1eat generatorconlprising etat-.io

boilerL The-refraetory eleinentlll y .is supportedgby.. elosureplater, arrangedy ried lby. the ypreferably in the re'loor oLtheboiler f x'nounted on ,closure plateis thoroughly vSealedab it theLion,suehpistonbeingprovi thatairl .berof.elongatedvfshape' jgrooyes 1n 5 .gripher the 'l .stecke pire. end: 21-v c icompletely Yclosirref.

engageabm-wl tory element. v

1 `been dec reasedv to the,predeteinnined point," l

flscriljed hay 'inventiomxvliatf madeayvithout-departingffrornathej Spiritfo.if- "lk ort-he'scopeof thefappended y piston being provided with a number of lelonrefractory tube n a ton-,`and`fanA air supp yringcarriedby` theA y l aril arrangedj'gas suppl gated] V-'Shaped i Y f refractory tube arranged in fronte the pis-1 alrfsupply'ring y @ing ity of air openings,-

Agated V-.shaped groovesink itsperi hery, a arran edin front o the'pis- :cylinder yand en ageable with the tube, the

` formedwith apluralf 4. Afheatgenerator comprising a stationy pipe,a pistoncarrie by the pipe, a cylinder movab piston being provide with a. number o `tn v'and an fair supp y-rin carried 'by the `cylinder anden `geable wiFthjthe tube, the

xed,` air op aril arranged i ton, and a refractoryicone mountedjin iront.

' ed on-thelpipe andengaging the gated V-shapedgrooves in its n A"and means'm'ounted on the pipe and' connecth `faridv rie piston lbeing provided wit rie rkbyftliepipe,

piston being provided with a' num edrwith the c inwardly Aan v6. `A h l arrangedgas su by the pipe, wy A on the'pipe and e'ngagvin outwardly over the piston.

pll pipe, apiston carin er'movably mountthe piston, such a re ractory tube arranged infront oft episofthe piston and pro]ecting intoithe'tube.

provided withopenings auxiliary fair i ,on the pipefand "engaging the. piston, such piston'being provide gated V-shaped 'grooves' in elongated V-sha Ya .refractory tu e piston, an air supply ring carriedby the with the tube, and i formed with andy also with a "aril u generator comprising a stationarillv arranged gas su l rie j by the pipe, a cy in er mova ed, on the ipe and engagin `the piston, such piston being provided *wit :anumber @of d grooves in its periphery,` e arranged in front vof the cylinder and engageable aplu'rality'of lixed air openings,

lustableair openings,a'ndfa movable rin o nings. 8. A h Pe arranged gas su* by the pipe, a ylinder movably mounted with a number of elonleifer'meansmouiited on the pipe forfco'ntro'l.' ling the 'movement `9. A h aril "arranged 'gassu rie by the pipe, a cy ed on the pl pipe, a piston carin. er

u piston being lymounted `on tliepipe `and en aging the piston such f'elongroovesv in its periv li'ery,'fav

of lthe members,

ing formed withy ya plural-v enings, and l:also with a" generator comprising a station- *ong the. pipe Vanden agin piston being' providged' wigt @elongated V-shaped linderfor'moving the cylinder aril Axirran ed as vi ev a eatngenerator comprising a stutionth y g g p P vide a number of i" grooves 'in its periphery,

P1 PPO,v a iston 'car-f i 1y mountthe Plac Where the its (periphery, of the cylinder, and means forlocking the lever kin any desiredk position. e

if eat` generator ycomprising a stationmovably` mount- 1 pipe aridjengaging the piston, such v new provided with a number of elongated V-shaped grooves in its periphery, lever means" forV controlling the movement of the cylinder, means for-limiting the movement kof the cylinder, and means for* locking the lever in any desired position.l

F110; A heat generator comprising a statione aryl member, "member, the joint between,y t

`andA an intereneaging movable Tieniembers bein'gismooth 'and unbroken, a plurality of'V- shaped ooves formed inone' of the mem-,v bers am?r roviding unrestricted i gas orifices` between t e members, fmeans for movingone vand thereby controlling the size ofthe orifices while maintaining the maximum velocity caused'bytlie `initial as `main pressure,land a refractorycombustion `chamber arranged immediately in' frontof the orifices e l Y. 11. Aheat generator comprising a stationaril arranged gas supply pipe, aV piston car- 'rie b v the pipe','a v,cylinder'movably'mounted the piston, such h a number of ooves in kits periphery,

Ai' Iand a Vrefractory tage tepiston.r ,n v

12. 1A rheat'generator comprising a stationiston carried byl on the pipeand such piston being pro-l of elongated V-shaped periphe and arefractory be arranged in front o the piston.

e pipe, a cylinder mounte enga ng the piston, with afnumber grooves in its tu 2 513i lA heat generator comprising arefrac- `tory combustionl chamber, means located in front of the chamber for breaking up the gas `intoadplurality of thread-'like 'ets,an air ring fora mitting substantially a l of tlie air to the chamber atone lace andin'quantities sufficient to produce immediate combustion at fuel and air first mix and means ,forcontrolling thesize of the jets vat ytheirpoints 'of formation, whereby the initi al gas pressurein tained up tothe and maximum main willl be mainforniation ofthe jets of the gas passing the gas place of -velocity n y 0 ,through vthepjets will beattained. plurality of auxiliary, ad `14'- A h g tory combustion chamber, registerable with the' e v i. V tionaryfand'movalble members having orifices eatgenerator comprising a `stationplyfpip'e, a piston car-y eat generator comprisingaI refracn lmeans `for supplying gas comprising interengaging sta,-

. v for admitting substantially al of the air to the chamber at one place and in quantities rsufli'ien't lto produce y immediate combustion. Y

.,In testimony'y whereof, I yhave hereunto signed my name.

3 HENRY C. CALDWELL.v

arranged `in front vof f 

